接口
Interface
接口构造应根据管道材料、安装方法和使用要求等条件确定。钢管通常采用焊接接口。铸铁管和预应力混凝土管大多采用承插式接口。 预制混凝土与钢筋混凝土圆管可采用平口、企口或承插口等形式。现场灌筑钢筋混凝土管可用橡胶或塑料止水带做接缝。接口分为刚性和柔性两类。尤其是输送油、气等高温介质的管道应设置伸缩接口或Π形膨胀弯。
Interface construction should be determined according to pipeline material, installation method and operation requirements. Welded joints are usually used for steel pipes. Cast iron pipe and prestressing concrete pipe mostly adopt socket joint. The prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete circular pipes can be in the form of flat, enterprise or socket. Reinforced concrete pipes can be jointed with rubber or plastic water stops. Interfaces can be divided into rigid and flexible types. Especially for pipelines transporting high temperature media such as oil and gas, expansion joints or expansion bends should be set up.
防蚀和防渗
Anti-corrosion and anti-seepage
管道应考虑管内外介质的化学腐蚀作用而采取必要的防腐蚀措施。对输送高温介质的管道要有相应的保温措施。砖砌管道一般用水泥砂浆抹面防渗。
Pipeline should take into account the chemical corrosion of internal and external media and take necessary anti-corrosion measures. Corresponding insulation measures should be taken for pipelines transporting high temperature media. Brick pipelines are usually covered with cement mortar to prevent seepage.
附属设施
Ancillary facilities
应根据使用要求和受力条件设置各种必要的附属设施：给水管道上应设置闸门和闸门井，在有压管道上的转弯处应设置防止推力的支墩；排水管道上应设置各种用途的检查井、闸门井、跌落井和进出水口等。架空管道支承处应按伸缩要求做活动或固定支座。
Various necessary ancillary facilities should be set up according to the use requirements and stress conditions: sluices and gate wells should be installed in water supply pipelines, piers to prevent thrust should be installed at turning points of pressure pipelines, inspection wells for various purposes, gate wells, drop wells and inlets should be installed in drainage pipelines. The support of overhead pipeline should be movable or fixed according to the requirement of expansion.